Czechia — physical cross-border flows, 2026

Every month of the year, every border, in energy and in money. Flows are measured; each megawatt-hour is valued at Czechia's own day-ahead price for the quarter-hour it actually crossed in.

Month by month

All borders together, with consumption for scale.

Month Consumption, MWh Physical exports Physical imports Average price, €/MWh Difference € Import ÷ consumption
MWh€/MWh€ MWh€/MWh€
January 6,542,891 2,713,804 129.57 351,615,019 2,714,121 129.53 351,556,531 130.92 58,488 41.5%
February 5,626,716 1,753,666 111.48 195,500,725 1,764,938 103.84 183,278,233 107.40 12,222,492 31.4%
March 5,641,604 2,841,439 119.56 339,710,056 2,010,670 98.02 197,080,933 109.92 142,629,123 35.6%
April 5,147,612 2,348,297 95.69 224,698,900 1,920,146 68.00 130,578,376 81.82 94,120,524 37.3%
May 4,857,996 1,999,018 108.03 215,950,249 1,442,787 77.92 112,421,869 97.88 103,528,380 29.7%
June 4,840,618 2,094,644 123.33 258,322,790 1,351,361 83.44 112,760,760 108.11 145,562,030 27.9%
July 4,704,235 2,570,725 123.66 317,906,315 1,746,093 92.91 162,228,601 109.93 155,677,714 37.1%
August 4,759,503 2,525,499 147.34 372,102,293 2,065,027 129.16 266,714,461 138.21 105,387,832 43.4%
September36.3% of hours 1,709,252 914,480 159.15 145,542,594 763,541 138.13 105,470,182 150.67 40,072,412 44.7%
Total 43,830,427 19,761,571 122.53 2,421,348,941 15,778,683 102.80 1,622,089,946 112.56 799,258,996 36.0%

Consumption is measured separately, as the hourly average power summed over the month — not by adding up readings, since sources publish at different rates. The last column puts imports next to it for scale; it is not a dependency figure, because part of what enters passes straight through to another neighbour.

Where the difference comes from

799,258,996 € for 3,982,888 MWh that stayed in the country works out at 200.67 € per megawatt-hour, in a month that averaged 112.56.

  • Energy that stayed, at the month's average price −448,303,680 56.1%
  • What came in arrived above that average −153,918,392 19.3%
  • What went out left below it −197,036,924 24.7%

The first line is energy the country needed and got. The other two — 350,955,316 € together — come not from how much moved but from when: cheap hours to sell in, expensive hours to buy in. That is the price of a timing mismatch, not a loss.

Official validation

The measured physical flow, checked against ANRE's published commercial trade.

Month Physical net, MWh Commercial net, MWh Difference, MWh Status
January ——— AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
February ——— AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
March ——— AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
April ——— AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
May ——— AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
June ——— AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
July ——— AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
August ——— AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
September ——— AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA

Gross volumes differ by design: the official indicators include transits, and a transit is counted once entering and once leaving, while a physical border sees it only once. Net figures converge, because transits cancel out — which is why the comparison is made on the net.

The percentage relates the difference to the month's commercial net. In a month with a small net, the same difference in MWh yields a larger percentage — which is why the difference is always shown in MWh as well.

ANRE publishes these exchanges as a physical balance in GWh. It publishes no import or export value and no average price per direction, so no money comparison is possible.

Physical cross-border flows and commercial electricity trades measure different phenomena. ANRE data is shown as an independent official benchmark and should not be interpreted as an exact reconciliation.

Border by border

Germany

Month by month, Czechia's side of this border.

Month Physical exports MWh €/MWh € Physical imports MWh €/MWh € Difference €
January 374,959 121.24 45,458,595 1,935,408 134.03 259,406,230 −213,947,635
February 412,697 108.62 44,828,825 1,394,187 105.86 147,594,121 −102,765,296
March 1,253,303 122.84 153,953,713 954,284 94.58 90,254,320 63,699,393
April 841,457 103.15 86,798,431 1,077,378 64.30 69,273,824 17,524,607
May 656,000 112.66 73,901,958 696,490 65.72 45,775,931 28,126,026
June 792,784 138.53 109,823,195 673,607 67.99 45,796,418 64,026,777
July 586,405 135.94 79,713,095 988,124 84.91 83,904,434 −4,191,339
August 464,187 145.98 67,763,572 1,203,469 131.93 158,778,490 −91,014,917
September 149,965 165.21 24,775,696 479,993 139.04 66,737,183 −41,961,486
Total 5,531,758 124.20 687,017,081 9,402,940 102.90 967,520,951 −280,503,870

Austria

Month by month, Czechia's side of this border.

Month Physical exports MWh €/MWh € Physical imports MWh €/MWh € Difference €
January 1,160,970 128.00 148,602,151 0 — 0 148,602,151
February 582,447 110.46 64,337,461 12,273 98.59 1,209,931 63,127,530
March 813,569 114.32 93,009,066 731 26.63 19,467 92,989,599
April 677,852 95.70 64,870,562 6,259 -71.49 −447,489 65,318,051
May 672,402 114.91 77,266,819 6,567 -117.74 −773,179 78,039,998
June 637,129 122.76 78,211,220 6,547 28.05 183,681 78,027,539
July 1,126,692 124.30 140,047,435 457 17.18 7,858 140,039,577
August 1,118,961 148.13 165,756,075 5 130.87 694 165,755,381
September 460,021 157.56 72,480,543 0 — 0 72,480,543
Total 7,250,043 124.77 904,581,332 32,839 6.12 200,963 904,380,370

Slovakia

Month by month, Czechia's side of this border.

Month Physical exports MWh €/MWh € Physical imports MWh €/MWh € Difference €
January 1,171,403 133.40 156,267,084 386 155.61 60,105 156,206,980
February 653,986 112.34 73,466,755 51,402 91.96 4,726,872 68,739,883
March 767,280 119.24 91,489,710 71,880 56.31 4,047,662 87,442,049
April 815,026 86.89 70,819,996 64,322 43.94 2,826,159 67,993,837
May 651,157 94.10 61,271,218 83,198 79.64 6,625,814 54,645,404
June 641,269 103.79 66,554,407 61,566 86.04 5,297,323 61,257,085
July 840,956 112.76 94,823,450 18,893 90.42 1,708,301 93,115,149
August 930,101 146.06 135,851,020 43,215 116.17 5,020,225 130,830,795
September 295,766 155.48 45,984,596 13,559 114.55 1,553,257 44,431,339
Total 6,766,942 117.71 796,528,236 408,422 78.02 31,865,717 764,662,519

Poland

Month by month, Czechia's side of this border.

Month Physical exports MWh €/MWh € Physical imports MWh €/MWh € Difference €
January 6,472 198.88 1,287,189 778,326 118.32 92,090,196 −90,803,007
February 104,537 123.09 12,867,685 307,076 96.87 29,747,310 −16,879,625
March 7,286 172.59 1,257,567 983,775 104.45 102,759,484 −101,501,917
April 13,962 158.28 2,209,910 772,187 76.31 58,925,882 −56,715,972
May 19,459 180.39 3,510,254 656,532 92.60 60,793,302 −57,283,048
June 23,462 159.15 3,733,967 609,641 100.85 61,483,338 −57,749,371
July 16,672 199.28 3,322,334 738,618 103.72 76,608,008 −73,285,673
August 12,250 222.99 2,731,627 818,337 125.76 102,915,053 −100,183,426
September 8,728 263.73 2,301,758 269,989 137.71 37,179,742 −34,877,984
Total 212,829 156.10 33,222,292 5,934,482 104.90 622,502,315 −589,280,023

Method

Not an invoice. Cross-border electricity is not sold country to country: the markets are coupled and the physical flow is the outcome of a shared auction. These figures value the measured flow at this zone's own day-ahead price, so both directions can be compared on the same scale.

Flows are measured, quarter-hour by quarter-hour; hourly borders are spread across the four quarters they cover, so every megawatt-hour meets the price that was actually in force. Energy entering the country is not the same as energy consumed here — some of it passes through.

A country between two others carries energy that is neither produced nor consumed there. Energy entering is not energy used.