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Türkiye — physical cross-border flows, 2026

Every month of the year, every border, in energy and in money. Flows are measured; each megawatt-hour is valued at Türkiye's own day-ahead price for the quarter-hour it actually crossed in.

Month by month

All borders together, with consumption for scale.

Month	Consumption, MWh	Physical exports			Physical imports			Average price, €/MWh	Difference €	Import ÷ consumption
Month	Consumption, MWh	MWh	€/MWh	€	MWh	€/MWh	€	Average price, €/MWh	Difference €	Import ÷ consumption
September94.9% of hours	25,976,384	26,084	51.38	1,340,268	6,101	35.52	216,714	48.01	1,123,555	0.0%
October	28,212,304	46,818	54.80	2,565,381	10,280	51.22	526,544	52.87	2,038,837	0.0%
November9.2% of hours	2,443,868	5,767	55.83	321,984	1,328	56.35	74,832	57.33	247,152	0.1%
Total	56,632,556	78,668	53.74	4,227,633	17,709	46.20	818,090	50.83	3,409,544	0.0%

Consumption is measured separately, as the hourly average power summed over the month — not by adding up readings, since sources publish at different rates. The last column puts imports next to it for scale; it is not a dependency figure, because part of what enters passes straight through to another neighbour.

Where the difference comes from

3,409,544 € for 60,959 MWh that stayed in the country works out at 55.93 € per megawatt-hour, in a month that averaged 50.83.

Energy that stayed, at the month's average price −3,098,810 90.9%
What came in arrived above that average −82,144 2.4%
What went out left below it −228,590 6.7%

The first line is energy the country needed and got. The other two — 310,734 € together — come not from how much moved but from when: cheap hours to sell in, expensive hours to buy in. That is the price of a timing mismatch, not a loss.

Official validation

The measured physical flow, checked against ANRE's published commercial trade.

Month	Physical net, MWh	Commercial net, MWh	Difference, MWh	Status
September	—	—	—	AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
October	—	—	—	AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
November	—	—	—	AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA

Gross volumes differ by design: the official indicators include transits, and a transit is counted once entering and once leaving, while a physical border sees it only once. Net figures converge, because transits cancel out — which is why the comparison is made on the net.

The percentage relates the difference to the month's commercial net. In a month with a small net, the same difference in MWh yields a larger percentage — which is why the difference is always shown in MWh as well.

ANRE publishes these exchanges as a physical balance in GWh. It publishes no import or export value and no average price per direction, so no money comparison is possible.

Physical cross-border flows and commercial electricity trades measure different phenomena. ANRE data is shown as an independent official benchmark and should not be interpreted as an exact reconciliation.

Border by border

Bulgaria

Month by month, Türkiye's side of this border.

Month	Physical exports MWh	€/MWh	€	Physical imports MWh	€/MWh	€	Difference €
September	16,006	50.18	803,240	2,365	38.16	90,275	712,965
October	34,715	52.98	1,839,011	1,292	52.34	67,617	1,771,394
November	5,336	55.05	293,720	0	—	0	293,720
Total	56,057	52.38	2,935,971	3,657	43.17	157,892	2,778,079

Greece

Month by month, Türkiye's side of this border.

Month	Physical exports MWh	€/MWh	€	Physical imports MWh	€/MWh	€	Difference €
September	10,077	53.29	537,028	3,736	33.84	126,439	410,589
October	12,103	60.02	726,370	8,988	51.06	458,927	267,444
November	431	65.54	28,264	1,328	56.35	74,832	−46,568
Total	22,612	57.12	1,291,663	14,052	46.98	660,198	631,465

Method

Not an invoice. Cross-border electricity is not sold country to country: the markets are coupled and the physical flow is the outcome of a shared auction. These figures value the measured flow at this zone's own day-ahead price, so both directions can be compared on the same scale.

Flows are measured, quarter-hour by quarter-hour; hourly borders are spread across the four quarters they cover, so every megawatt-hour meets the price that was actually in force. Energy entering the country is not the same as energy consumed here — some of it passes through.

A country between two others carries energy that is neither produced nor consumed there. Energy entering is not energy used.