Romania — physical cross-border flows, 2026

Month by month

All borders together, with consumption for scale.

Month	Consumption, MWh	Physical exports			Physical imports			Average price, €/MWh	Difference €	Import ÷ consumption
Month	Consumption, MWh	MWh	€/MWh	€	MWh	€/MWh	€	Average price, €/MWh	Difference €	Import ÷ consumption
January	5,315,303	718,386	144.15	103,555,147	1,112,820	171.70	191,069,844	150.49	−87,514,697	20.9%
February	4,733,001	845,248	96.65	81,693,795	948,238	109.36	103,702,708	99.81	−22,008,913	20.0%
March	4,482,029	880,026	95.40	83,953,125	604,508	129.15	78,069,520	105.07	5,883,605	13.5%
April	3,879,532	742,398	80.94	60,088,505	694,452	116.28	80,750,750	95.59	−20,662,245	17.9%
May	3,765,621	661,418	95.73	63,317,307	926,385	130.27	120,681,654	109.52	−57,364,347	24.6%
June	3,841,808	650,543	107.76	70,103,361	1,029,512	156.97	161,607,443	122.88	−91,504,082	26.8%
July	4,128,035	672,513	104.60	70,342,085	944,302	145.45	137,352,693	120.21	−67,010,608	22.9%
August	4,037,600	684,906	128.43	87,962,979	966,897	175.16	169,364,477	151.10	−81,401,497	23.9%
September95.0% of hours	3,832,722	488,535	146.94	71,785,315	958,437	200.80	192,455,899	176.20	−120,670,583	25.0%
October90.3% of hours	3,813,465	421,615	210.73	88,847,027	1,016,580	248.28	252,393,653	235.53	−163,546,626	26.7%
Total	41,829,116	6,765,589	115.53	781,648,647	9,202,131	161.64	1,487,448,639	135.75	−705,799,992	22.0%

Consumption is measured separately, as the hourly average power summed over the month — not by adding up readings, since sources publish at different rates. The last column puts imports next to it for scale; it is not a dependency figure, because part of what enters passes straight through to another neighbour.

Where the difference comes from

705,799,992 € for 2,436,542 MWh that stayed in the country works out at 289.67 € per megawatt-hour, in a month that averaged 135.75.

Energy that stayed, at the month's average price 330,763,967 46.9%
What came in arrived above that average 238,246,469 33.8%
What went out left below it 136,789,557 19.4%

The first line is energy the country needed and got. The other two — 375,036,025 € together — come not from how much moved but from when: cheap hours to sell in, expensive hours to buy in. That is the price of a timing mismatch, not a loss.

Official validation

The measured physical flow, checked against ANRE's published commercial trade.

Month	Physical net, MWh	Commercial net, MWh	Difference, MWh	Status
January	+394,434	+387,120	+7,314 · 1.89%	EXCELLENT MATCH
February	+102,990	+84,020	+18,970 · 22.58%	INVESTIGATE
March	−275,518	−286,040	+10,522 · 3.68%	GOOD MATCH
April	−47,946	−46,440	−1,506 · 3.24%	GOOD MATCH
May	+264,968	+268,120	−3,152 · 1.18%	EXCELLENT MATCH
June	—	—	—	AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
July	—	—	—	AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
August	—	—	—	AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
September	—	—	—	AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
October	—	—	—	AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA

Gross volumes differ by design: the official indicators include transits, and a transit is counted once entering and once leaving, while a physical border sees it only once. Net figures converge, because transits cancel out — which is why the comparison is made on the net.

The percentage relates the difference to the month's commercial net. In a month with a small net, the same difference in MWh yields a larger percentage — which is why the difference is always shown in MWh as well.

ANRE publishes these exchanges as a physical balance in GWh. It publishes no import or export value and no average price per direction, so no money comparison is possible.

Physical cross-border flows and commercial electricity trades measure different phenomena. ANRE data is shown as an independent official benchmark and should not be interpreted as an exact reconciliation.