Latvia — physical cross-border flows, 2026

Every month of the year, every border, in energy and in money. Flows are measured; each megawatt-hour is valued at Latvia's own day-ahead price for the quarter-hour it actually crossed in.

Month by month

All borders together, with consumption for scale.

Month Consumption, MWh Physical exports Physical imports Zone price, €/MWh Difference € Import ÷ consumption
MWh€/MWh€ MWh€/MWh€
January 780,322 271,466 164.03 44,528,385 280,271 144.90 40,612,278 153.43 3,916,107 35.9%
February 720,596 217,019 167.13 36,271,093 223,857 144.63 32,376,555 155.43 3,894,537 31.1%
March 666,002 399,605 75.30 30,088,289 303,032 84.90 25,727,096 74.95 4,361,193 45.5%
April 609,114 327,939 55.54 18,214,835 218,407 59.87 13,076,520 57.45 5,138,315 35.9%
May 582,542 296,324 79.81 23,650,422 330,998 88.47 29,283,440 82.14 −5,633,017 56.8%
June 559,609 272,792 90.13 24,585,453 337,637 98.09 33,118,259 92.23 −8,532,806 60.3%
July 585,711 235,104 80.05 18,820,627 393,272 79.84 31,399,414 74.95 −12,578,787 67.1%
August 573,923 142,037 97.14 13,797,191 379,447 87.13 33,060,296 79.78 −19,263,105 66.1%
September31.8% of hours 176,380 42,359 89.56 3,793,856 115,559 84.85 9,805,215 93.83 −6,011,360 65.5%
Total 5,254,199 2,204,646 96.95 213,750,151 2,582,480 96.21 248,459,073 99.41 −34,708,922 49.2%

Consumption is measured separately, as the hourly average power summed over the month — not by adding up readings, since sources publish at different rates. The last column puts imports next to it for scale; it is not a dependency figure, because part of what enters passes straight through to another neighbour.

Where the difference comes from

34,708,922 € for 377,833 MWh that stayed in the country works out at 91.86 € per megawatt-hour, in a month that averaged 99.41.

  • Energy that stayed, at the month's average price 37,562,010 108.2%
  • What came in arrived above that average −8,276,145 -23.8%
  • What went out left below it 5,423,056 15.6%

The first line is energy the country needed and got. The other two — 2,853,088 € together — come not from how much moved but from when: cheap hours to sell in, expensive hours to buy in. That is the price of a timing mismatch, not a loss.

Official validation

The measured physical flow, checked against ANRE's published commercial trade.

Month Physical net, MWh Commercial net, MWh Difference, MWh Status
January ——— AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
February ——— AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
March ——— AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
April ——— AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
May ——— AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
June ——— AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
July ——— AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
August ——— AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA
September ——— AWAITING OFFICIAL ANRE DATA

Gross volumes differ by design: the official indicators include transits, and a transit is counted once entering and once leaving, while a physical border sees it only once. Net figures converge, because transits cancel out — which is why the comparison is made on the net.

The percentage relates the difference to the month's commercial net. In a month with a small net, the same difference in MWh yields a larger percentage — which is why the difference is always shown in MWh as well.

ANRE publishes these exchanges as a physical balance in GWh. It publishes no import or export value and no average price per direction, so no money comparison is possible.

Physical cross-border flows and commercial electricity trades measure different phenomena. ANRE data is shown as an independent official benchmark and should not be interpreted as an exact reconciliation.

Border by border

Estonia

Month by month, Latvia's side of this border.

Month Physical exports MWh €/MWh € Physical imports MWh €/MWh € Difference €
January 66,863 142.48 9,526,352 195,258 157.95 30,841,738 −21,315,386
February 42,813 191.52 8,199,333 182,294 140.57 25,625,435 −17,426,102
March 38,933 28.67 1,116,045 274,232 88.95 24,392,666 −23,276,621
April 138,713 40.72 5,648,424 152,345 70.59 10,754,014 −5,105,590
May 79,885 25.25 2,016,918 268,096 104.34 27,972,274 −25,955,356
June 64,373 46.37 2,984,880 262,244 112.86 29,597,557 −26,612,677
July 27,104 10.78 292,046 340,639 90.36 30,780,048 −30,488,002
August 10,334 11.56 119,422 340,305 93.52 31,826,693 −31,707,271
September 12,729 57.18 727,810 91,228 94.56 8,626,105 −7,898,295
Total 481,746 63.58 30,631,230 2,106,640 104.63 220,416,530 −189,785,300

Lithuania

Month by month, Latvia's side of this border.

Month Physical exports MWh €/MWh € Physical imports MWh €/MWh € Difference €
January 204,604 171.07 35,002,033 85,014 114.93 9,770,540 25,231,492
February 174,206 161.14 28,071,760 41,562 162.43 6,751,121 21,320,639
March 360,673 80.33 28,972,244 28,800 46.33 1,334,430 27,637,814
April 189,226 66.41 12,566,411 66,062 35.16 2,322,506 10,243,905
May 216,440 99.95 21,633,504 62,902 20.84 1,311,165 20,322,339
June 208,419 103.64 21,600,574 75,393 46.70 3,520,702 18,079,871
July 208,001 89.08 18,528,581 52,633 11.77 619,365 17,909,216
August 131,703 103.85 13,677,769 39,142 31.52 1,233,602 12,444,166
September 29,630 103.48 3,066,046 24,331 48.46 1,179,111 1,886,935
Total 1,722,901 106.29 183,118,921 475,840 58.93 28,042,543 155,076,378

Method

Not an invoice. Cross-border electricity is not sold country to country: the markets are coupled and the physical flow is the outcome of a shared auction. These figures value the measured flow at this zone's own day-ahead price, so both directions can be compared on the same scale.

Flows are measured, quarter-hour by quarter-hour; hourly borders are spread across the four quarters they cover, so every megawatt-hour meets the price that was actually in force. Energy entering the country is not the same as energy consumed here — some of it passes through.

A country between two others carries energy that is neither produced nor consumed there. Energy entering is not energy used.