Is-Serbja — flussi fiżiċi transfruntiera, 2026
Kull xahar tas-sena, kull fruntiera, f’enerġija u fi flus. Il-flussi huma mkejla; kull megawatt-siegħa tiġi vvalutata bil-prezz ta’ ġurnata bil-quddiem taż-żona proprja (Is-Serbja) għall-kwart ta’ siegħa li fih effettivament qasmet.
| Xahar | Konsum, MWh | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi | Prezz medju, €/MWh | Differenza € | Importazzjoni ÷ konsum | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MWh | €/MWh | € | MWh | €/MWh | € | |||||
| Jannar | 3,575,864 | 518,857 | 125.15 | 64,935,165 | 754,221 | 121.50 | 91,639,934 | 118.13 | −26,704,769 | 21.1% |
| Frar | 3,043,378 | 685,896 | 71.72 | 49,191,019 | 593,795 | 68.30 | 40,557,345 | 68.61 | 8,633,674 | 19.5% |
| Marzu | 3,048,931 | 565,896 | 98.58 | 55,787,022 | 661,220 | 88.84 | 58,739,795 | 94.67 | −2,952,773 | 21.7% |
| April | 2,662,383 | 344,033 | 93.48 | 32,161,575 | 729,038 | 76.31 | 55,631,353 | 91.51 | −23,469,778 | 27.4% |
| Mejju | 2,469,497 | 279,202 | 100.06 | 27,935,915 | 902,196 | 82.50 | 74,431,902 | 96.63 | −46,495,987 | 36.5% |
| Ġunju | 2,503,154 | 264,046 | 100.36 | 26,499,398 | 758,926 | 88.11 | 66,868,963 | 100.71 | −40,369,565 | 30.3% |
| Lulju | 2,587,678 | 343,983 | 112.58 | 38,726,724 | 714,854 | 96.68 | 69,113,355 | 109.43 | −30,386,631 | 27.6% |
| Awwissu | 2,759,065 | 450,568 | 129.18 | 58,202,387 | 830,923 | 119.40 | 99,214,432 | 136.70 | −41,012,044 | 30.1% |
| Settembru95.1% tas-sigħat | 2,329,261 | 336,995 | 149.01 | 50,216,273 | 757,378 | 133.23 | 100,904,664 | 150.01 | −50,688,390 | 32.5% |
| Ottubru90.7% tas-sigħat | 2,505,973 | 159,566 | 205.39 | 32,773,666 | 815,192 | 217.14 | 177,012,047 | 229.96 | −144,238,381 | 32.5% |
| Total | 27,485,184 | 3,949,043 | 110.52 | 436,429,145 | 7,517,743 | 110.95 | 834,113,790 | 117.89 | −397,684,645 | 27.4% |
Il-konsum jitkejjel separatament, bħala l-qawwa medja ta’ kull siegħa miġbura fuq ix-xahar — mhux billi jingħaddu l-qari, għax is-sorsi jippubblikaw b’ritmi differenti. L-aħħar kolonna tpoġġi l-importazzjonijiet ħdejh bħala skala; mhijiex ċifra ta’ dipendenza, għax parti minn dak li jidħol jgħaddi dritt għal ġar ieħor.
Minn fejn ġejja d-differenza
397,684,645 € għal enerġija ta’ 3,568,700 MWh li baqgħet fil-pajjiż: jiġifieri 111.44 € għal kull megawatt-siegħa, f’xahar b’medja ta’ 117.89.
L-ewwel linja hija enerġija li l-pajjiż kellu bżonn u kiseb. Iż-żewġ oħrajn — 23,030,276 € flimkien — ma ġejjinx minn kemm iċċaqlaq iżda minn meta: bejgħ f’sigħat irħas, xiri f’sigħat għaljin. Dak huwa l-prezz ta’ nuqqas ta’ qbil fil-ħin, mhux telf.
Validazzjoni uffiċjali
Il-fluss fiżiku mkejjel, ivverifikat kontra l-iskambji kummerċjali ppubblikati (ANRE).
| Xahar | Nett fiżiku, MWh | Nett kummerċjali, MWh | Differenza, MWh | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Frar | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Marzu | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| April | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Mejju | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Ġunju | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Lulju | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Awwissu | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Settembru | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Ottubru | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
Il-volumi grossi jvarjaw min-natura tagħhom: l-indikaturi uffiċjali jinkludu t-tranżiti, u tranżitu jingħadd darba meta jidħol u darba meta joħroġ, filwaqt li fruntiera fiżika tarah darba biss. Iċ-ċifri netti jikkonverġu, għax it-tranżiti jikkanċellaw lil xulxin — għalhekk il-paragun isir fuq in-nett.
Il-perċentwal jirrelata d-differenza man-nett kummerċjali tax-xahar. F’xahar b’nett żgħir, l-istess differenza f’MWh tagħti perċentwal akbar — għalhekk id-differenza tintwera dejjem ukoll f’MWh.
ANRE: dawn l-iskambji jiġu ppubblikati bħala bilanċ fiżiku f’GWh. Ma jiġi ppubblikat l-ebda valur tal-importazzjoni jew tal-esportazzjoni u l-ebda prezz medju għal kull direzzjoni, għalhekk ma jistax isir paragun fil-flus.
Il-flussi fiżiċi transfruntiera u l-iskambji kummerċjali tal-elettriku jkejlu fenomeni differenti. Id-data tal-awtorità (ANRE) tintwera bħala punt ta’ referenza uffiċjali indipendenti u m’għandhiex tiġi interpretata bħala rikonċiljazzjoni eżatta.
Fruntiera b’fruntiera
Il-Bulgarija
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: Is-Serbja.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 41,117 | 132.72 | 5,457,259 | 64,685 | 97.16 | 6,284,541 | −827,282 |
| Frar | 43,165 | 80.86 | 3,490,159 | 28,570 | 44.62 | 1,274,735 | 2,215,424 |
| Marzu | 5,941 | 85.30 | 506,778 | 180,589 | 84.70 | 15,296,184 | −14,789,405 |
| April | 12,403 | 52.62 | 652,639 | 165,693 | 84.95 | 14,076,241 | −13,423,602 |
| Mejju | 18,961 | 41.43 | 785,604 | 181,110 | 94.37 | 17,091,529 | −16,305,924 |
| Ġunju | 15,991 | 14.37 | 229,797 | 188,951 | 107.07 | 20,231,673 | −20,001,876 |
| Lulju | 3,156 | 28.36 | 89,490 | 238,969 | 117.03 | 27,966,326 | −27,876,835 |
| Awwissu | 2,278 | 51.55 | 117,422 | 295,704 | 137.06 | 40,527,953 | −40,410,530 |
| Settembru | 9,725 | 63.92 | 621,613 | 257,412 | 159.03 | 40,936,909 | −40,315,296 |
| Ottubru | 30,870 | 203.84 | 6,292,415 | 174,103 | 227.52 | 39,612,378 | −33,319,963 |
| Total | 183,608 | 99.36 | 18,243,178 | 1,775,785 | 125.75 | 223,298,469 | −205,055,291 |
Ir-Rumanija
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: Is-Serbja.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 232,638 | 144.47 | 33,608,866 | 13,862 | 79.72 | 1,105,036 | 32,503,830 |
| Frar | 237,353 | 80.37 | 19,077,073 | 1,294 | 19.21 | 24,860 | 19,052,213 |
| Marzu | 85,441 | 135.21 | 11,552,572 | 84,284 | 62.52 | 5,269,176 | 6,283,396 |
| April | 51,017 | 141.70 | 7,228,961 | 138,635 | 59.17 | 8,202,862 | −973,902 |
| Mejju | 53,331 | 136.62 | 7,285,842 | 126,054 | 56.55 | 7,128,883 | 156,958 |
| Ġunju | 39,554 | 132.11 | 5,225,442 | 139,467 | 73.96 | 10,315,471 | −5,090,029 |
| Lulju | 31,529 | 171.50 | 5,407,275 | 150,159 | 80.24 | 12,048,938 | −6,641,663 |
| Awwissu | 12,266 | 236.12 | 2,896,282 | 198,786 | 99.65 | 19,808,308 | −16,912,026 |
| Settembru | 20,596 | 191.16 | 3,937,073 | 147,809 | 109.92 | 16,247,408 | −12,310,334 |
| Ottubru | 31,082 | 248.52 | 7,724,304 | 93,045 | 169.72 | 15,791,512 | −8,067,208 |
| Total | 794,806 | 130.78 | 103,943,689 | 1,093,394 | 87.75 | 95,942,453 | 8,001,236 |
L-Ungerija
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: Is-Serbja.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 127,043 | 113.88 | 14,467,553 | 18,309 | 96.68 | 1,770,135 | 12,697,418 |
| Frar | 245,732 | 68.92 | 16,935,139 | 1,716 | 0.02 | 29 | 16,935,111 |
| Marzu | 164,360 | 112.63 | 18,511,769 | 22,183 | 57.36 | 1,272,442 | 17,239,327 |
| April | 44,930 | 125.38 | 5,633,392 | 127,868 | 63.74 | 8,149,796 | −2,516,405 |
| Mejju | 69,957 | 122.86 | 8,594,601 | 92,430 | 42.43 | 3,921,637 | 4,672,964 |
| Ġunju | 43,284 | 154.81 | 6,700,901 | 104,188 | 56.59 | 5,895,513 | 805,388 |
| Lulju | 32,826 | 140.84 | 4,623,328 | 112,769 | 70.30 | 7,927,418 | −3,304,090 |
| Awwissu | 46,759 | 158.56 | 7,413,933 | 115,871 | 96.74 | 11,209,009 | −3,795,075 |
| Settembru | 29,727 | 210.20 | 6,248,618 | 97,600 | 101.82 | 9,937,851 | −3,689,233 |
| Ottubru | 16,079 | 268.85 | 4,322,802 | 103,387 | 200.85 | 20,764,965 | −16,442,163 |
| Total | 820,695 | 113.87 | 93,452,037 | 796,322 | 88.97 | 70,848,794 | 22,603,244 |
Il-Kroazja
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: Is-Serbja.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 89,429 | 100.20 | 8,960,613 | 23,382 | 126.71 | 2,962,814 | 5,997,799 |
| Frar | 144,217 | 61.21 | 8,827,557 | 2,978 | 35.70 | 106,324 | 8,721,233 |
| Marzu | 185,329 | 90.91 | 16,847,433 | 11,111 | 78.91 | 876,775 | 15,970,658 |
| April | 68,347 | 91.05 | 6,222,987 | 86,597 | 61.80 | 5,351,282 | 871,705 |
| Mejju | 76,413 | 92.40 | 7,060,375 | 58,259 | 46.53 | 2,711,029 | 4,349,346 |
| Ġunju | 72,853 | 107.60 | 7,839,293 | 61,163 | 44.89 | 2,745,749 | 5,093,544 |
| Lulju | 46,547 | 108.50 | 5,050,579 | 76,896 | 78.16 | 6,010,205 | −959,626 |
| Awwissu | 115,252 | 127.92 | 14,742,621 | 44,805 | 98.83 | 4,428,017 | 10,314,604 |
| Settembru | 87,767 | 159.93 | 14,036,667 | 81,595 | 113.87 | 9,291,580 | 4,745,087 |
| Ottubru | 2,367 | 216.81 | 513,179 | 41,004 | 238.26 | 9,769,536 | −9,256,357 |
| Total | 888,521 | 101.41 | 90,101,303 | 487,790 | 90.72 | 44,253,310 | 45,847,994 |
Il-Kosovo
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: Is-Serbja.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 8,625 | 77.88 | 671,745 | 256,768 | 123.77 | 31,780,386 | −31,108,641 |
| Frar | 0 | — | 0 | 264,794 | 70.31 | 18,616,776 | −18,616,776 |
| Marzu | 16,992 | 78.41 | 1,332,282 | 111,089 | 107.07 | 11,894,545 | −10,562,264 |
| April | 65,019 | 72.59 | 4,719,458 | 30,312 | 138.00 | 4,183,103 | 536,355 |
| Mejju | 18,256 | 70.45 | 1,286,108 | 87,719 | 113.93 | 9,993,977 | −8,707,869 |
| Ġunju | 20,206 | 71.84 | 1,451,648 | 47,622 | 143.54 | 6,835,915 | −5,384,267 |
| Lulju | 97,936 | 98.71 | 9,667,008 | 9,282 | 201.60 | 1,871,333 | 7,795,675 |
| Awwissu | 100,329 | 120.44 | 12,083,223 | 13,456 | 217.25 | 2,923,271 | 9,159,952 |
| Settembru | 74,179 | 140.00 | 10,385,221 | 7,584 | 167.88 | 1,273,193 | 9,112,029 |
| Ottubru | 20,959 | 160.53 | 3,364,489 | 73,123 | 243.73 | 17,822,473 | −14,457,984 |
| Total | 422,501 | 106.42 | 44,961,182 | 901,750 | 118.87 | 107,194,972 | −62,233,789 |
Il-Maċedonja ta’ Fuq
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: Is-Serbja.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 2,555 | 77.11 | 197,023 | 143,945 | 117.10 | 16,856,047 | −16,659,024 |
| Frar | 984 | 28.36 | 27,894 | 103,497 | 65.23 | 6,750,768 | −6,722,873 |
| Marzu | 7,309 | 86.34 | 631,079 | 124,408 | 88.18 | 10,970,555 | −10,339,476 |
| April | 25,692 | 74.38 | 1,911,009 | 87,465 | 87.00 | 7,609,776 | −5,698,766 |
| Mejju | 1,647 | 20.23 | 33,326 | 167,174 | 94.93 | 15,870,234 | −15,836,908 |
| Ġunju | 12,157 | 44.43 | 540,156 | 115,639 | 98.10 | 11,344,323 | −10,804,167 |
| Lulju | 19,929 | 117.91 | 2,349,827 | 67,573 | 101.32 | 6,846,740 | −4,496,913 |
| Awwissu | 19,265 | 139.65 | 2,690,321 | 116,869 | 124.68 | 14,571,138 | −11,880,817 |
| Settembru | 12,485 | 139.52 | 1,741,791 | 92,675 | 141.41 | 13,104,763 | −11,362,971 |
| Ottubru | 1,381 | 186.91 | 258,079 | 146,310 | 222.88 | 32,608,783 | −32,350,704 |
| Total | 103,403 | 100.39 | 10,380,505 | 1,165,554 | 117.14 | 136,533,127 | −126,152,621 |
Il-Bożnija-Ħerzegovina
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: Is-Serbja.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 17,313 | 89.95 | 1,557,315 | 81,883 | 142.26 | 11,648,947 | −10,091,633 |
| Frar | 12,885 | 52.33 | 674,259 | 58,891 | 73.32 | 4,318,049 | −3,643,790 |
| Marzu | 97,181 | 63.03 | 6,125,718 | 23,645 | 118.33 | 2,797,981 | 3,327,737 |
| April | 51,847 | 63.61 | 3,298,148 | 46,900 | 98.92 | 4,639,434 | −1,341,286 |
| Mejju | 35,832 | 65.53 | 2,347,993 | 83,699 | 105.20 | 8,805,293 | −6,457,301 |
| Ġunju | 52,890 | 74.33 | 3,931,528 | 40,256 | 87.78 | 3,533,716 | 397,812 |
| Lulju | 93,582 | 97.80 | 9,152,305 | 26,766 | 115.22 | 3,083,881 | 6,068,424 |
| Awwissu | 134,863 | 112.53 | 15,175,518 | 7,930 | 120.39 | 954,779 | 14,220,739 |
| Settembru | 84,599 | 119.88 | 10,141,726 | 31,912 | 172.61 | 5,508,205 | 4,633,522 |
| Ottubru | 55,328 | 179.79 | 9,947,148 | 74,992 | 215.66 | 16,172,636 | −6,225,488 |
| Total | 636,321 | 97.99 | 62,351,657 | 476,874 | 128.89 | 61,462,921 | 888,736 |
Il-Montenegro
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: Is-Serbja.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 137 | 108.36 | 14,792 | 151,387 | 127.04 | 19,232,029 | −19,217,237 |
| Frar | 1,560 | 101.86 | 158,937 | 132,055 | 71.68 | 9,465,805 | −9,306,869 |
| Marzu | 3,344 | 83.56 | 279,392 | 103,912 | 99.72 | 10,362,137 | −10,082,745 |
| April | 24,777 | 100.70 | 2,494,981 | 45,568 | 75.03 | 3,418,858 | −923,877 |
| Mejju | 4,805 | 112.81 | 542,066 | 105,750 | 84.25 | 8,909,319 | −8,367,253 |
| Ġunju | 7,112 | 81.64 | 580,633 | 61,639 | 96.80 | 5,966,603 | −5,385,970 |
| Lulju | 18,478 | 129.17 | 2,386,912 | 32,439 | 103.53 | 3,358,515 | −971,603 |
| Awwissu | 19,556 | 157.65 | 3,083,067 | 37,502 | 127.78 | 4,791,958 | −1,708,891 |
| Settembru | 17,918 | 173.21 | 3,103,563 | 40,792 | 112.88 | 4,604,756 | −1,501,193 |
| Ottubru | 1,501 | 233.99 | 351,250 | 109,228 | 224.02 | 24,469,765 | −24,118,515 |
| Total | 99,188 | 131.02 | 12,995,592 | 820,273 | 115.30 | 94,579,745 | −81,584,153 |
Metodu
Mhijiex fattura. L-elettriku transfruntier ma jinbiegħx minn pajjiż għal pajjiż: is-swieq huma akkoppjati u l-fluss fiżiku huwa r-riżultat ta’ irkant komuni. Dawn iċ-ċifri jivvalutaw il-fluss imkejjel bil-prezz ta’ ġurnata bil-quddiem ta’ din iż-żona stess, sabiex iż-żewġ direzzjonijiet ikunu jistgħu jitqabblu fuq l-istess skala.
Il-flussi huma mkejla, kwart ta’ siegħa b’kwart ta’ siegħa; il-fruntieri b’data ta’ kull siegħa jitqassmu fuq l-erba’ kwarti li jkopru, sabiex kull megawatt-siegħa tiltaqa’ mal-prezz li effettivament kien fis-seħħ. L-enerġija li tidħol fil-pajjiż mhijiex l-istess bħall-enerġija kkonsmata hawn — parti minnha tgħaddi biss.
Pajjiż bejn żewġ pajjiżi oħra jġorr enerġija li la tiġi prodotta u lanqas ikkonsmata fih. L-enerġija li tidħol mhijiex enerġija użata.