Ir-Rumanija — flussi fiżiċi transfruntiera, 2026
Kull xahar tas-sena, kull fruntiera, f’enerġija u fi flus. Il-flussi huma mkejla; kull megawatt-siegħa tiġi vvalutata bil-prezz ta’ ġurnata bil-quddiem taż-żona proprja (Ir-Rumanija) għall-kwart ta’ siegħa li fih effettivament qasmet.
| Xahar | Konsum, MWh | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi | Prezz taż-żona, €/MWh | Differenza € | Importazzjoni ÷ konsum | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MWh | €/MWh | € | MWh | €/MWh | € | |||||
| Jannar | 5,315,303 | 718,386 | 144.15 | 103,555,147 | 1,112,820 | 171.70 | 191,069,844 | 150.49 | −87,514,697 | 20.9% |
| Frar | 4,733,001 | 845,248 | 96.65 | 81,693,795 | 948,238 | 109.36 | 103,702,708 | 99.81 | −22,008,913 | 20.0% |
| Marzu | 4,482,029 | 880,026 | 95.40 | 83,953,125 | 604,508 | 129.15 | 78,069,520 | 105.07 | 5,883,605 | 13.5% |
| April | 3,879,532 | 742,398 | 80.94 | 60,088,505 | 694,452 | 116.28 | 80,750,750 | 95.59 | −20,662,245 | 17.9% |
| Mejju | 3,765,621 | 661,418 | 95.73 | 63,317,307 | 926,385 | 130.27 | 120,681,654 | 109.52 | −57,364,347 | 24.6% |
| Ġunju | 3,841,808 | 650,543 | 107.76 | 70,103,361 | 1,029,512 | 156.97 | 161,607,443 | 122.88 | −91,504,082 | 26.8% |
| Lulju | 4,128,035 | 672,513 | 104.60 | 70,342,085 | 944,302 | 145.45 | 137,352,693 | 120.21 | −67,010,608 | 22.9% |
| Awwissu | 4,037,600 | 684,906 | 128.43 | 87,962,979 | 966,897 | 175.16 | 169,364,477 | 151.10 | −81,401,497 | 23.9% |
| Settembru31.1% tas-sigħat | 1,422,182 | 145,039 | 141.58 | 20,535,069 | 299,549 | 194.89 | 58,378,024 | 173.01 | −37,842,955 | 21.1% |
| Total | 35,605,110 | 6,000,478 | 106.92 | 641,551,373 | 7,526,664 | 146.28 | 1,100,977,111 | 122.20 | −459,425,738 | 21.1% |
Il-konsum jitkejjel separatament, bħala l-qawwa medja ta’ kull siegħa miġbura fuq ix-xahar — mhux billi jingħaddu l-qari, għax is-sorsi jippubblikaw b’ritmi differenti. L-aħħar kolonna tpoġġi l-importazzjonijiet ħdejh bħala skala; mhijiex ċifra ta’ dipendenza, għax parti minn dak li jidħol jgħaddi dritt għal ġar ieħor.
Minn fejn ġejja d-differenza
459,425,738 € għal enerġija ta’ 1,526,186 MWh li baqgħet fil-pajjiż: jiġifieri 301.03 € għal kull megawatt-siegħa, f’xahar b’medja ta’ 122.20.
L-ewwel linja hija enerġija li l-pajjiż kellu bżonn u kiseb. Iż-żewġ oħrajn — 272,926,947 € flimkien — ma ġejjinx minn kemm iċċaqlaq iżda minn meta: bejgħ f’sigħat irħas, xiri f’sigħat għaljin. Dak huwa l-prezz ta’ nuqqas ta’ qbil fil-ħin, mhux telf.
Validazzjoni uffiċjali
Il-fluss fiżiku mkejjel, ivverifikat kontra l-iskambji kummerċjali ppubblikati (ANRE).
| Xahar | Nett fiżiku, MWh | Nett kummerċjali, MWh | Differenza, MWh | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | +394,434 | +387,120 | +7,314 · 1.89% | QBIL EĊĊELLENTI |
| Frar | +102,990 | +84,020 | +18,970 · 22.58% | JEĦTIEĠ INVESTIGAZZJONI |
| Marzu | −275,518 | −286,040 | +10,522 · 3.68% | QBIL TAJJEB |
| April | −47,946 | −46,440 | −1,506 · 3.24% | QBIL TAJJEB |
| Mejju | +264,968 | +268,120 | −3,152 · 1.18% | QBIL EĊĊELLENTI |
| Ġunju | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Lulju | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Awwissu | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Settembru | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
Il-volumi grossi jvarjaw min-natura tagħhom: l-indikaturi uffiċjali jinkludu t-tranżiti, u tranżitu jingħadd darba meta jidħol u darba meta joħroġ, filwaqt li fruntiera fiżika tarah darba biss. Iċ-ċifri netti jikkonverġu, għax it-tranżiti jikkanċellaw lil xulxin — għalhekk il-paragun isir fuq in-nett.
Il-perċentwal jirrelata d-differenza man-nett kummerċjali tax-xahar. F’xahar b’nett żgħir, l-istess differenza f’MWh tagħti perċentwal akbar — għalhekk id-differenza tintwera dejjem ukoll f’MWh.
ANRE: dawn l-iskambji jiġu ppubblikati bħala bilanċ fiżiku f’GWh. Ma jiġi ppubblikat l-ebda valur tal-importazzjoni jew tal-esportazzjoni u l-ebda prezz medju għal kull direzzjoni, għalhekk ma jistax isir paragun fil-flus.
Il-flussi fiżiċi transfruntiera u l-iskambji kummerċjali tal-elettriku jkejlu fenomeni differenti. Id-data tal-awtorità (ANRE) tintwera bħala punt ta’ referenza uffiċjali indipendenti u m’għandhiex tiġi interpretata bħala rikonċiljazzjoni eżatta.
Fruntiera b’fruntiera
Il-Bulgarija
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: Ir-Rumanija.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 60,391 | 82.91 | 5,006,928 | 448,582 | 175.35 | 78,659,735 | −73,652,807 |
| Frar | 8,693 | 75.76 | 658,553 | 479,622 | 106.08 | 50,876,212 | −50,217,659 |
| Marzu | 73,730 | 60.34 | 4,449,062 | 395,057 | 128.55 | 50,785,475 | −46,336,413 |
| April | 114,337 | 46.17 | 5,278,820 | 349,457 | 130.54 | 45,617,101 | −40,338,281 |
| Mejju | 49,687 | 4.21 | 208,947 | 655,745 | 141.01 | 92,467,350 | −92,258,403 |
| Ġunju | 45,204 | 13.78 | 622,902 | 670,547 | 172.09 | 115,393,752 | −114,770,851 |
| Lulju | 70,488 | 23.87 | 1,682,288 | 535,584 | 160.24 | 85,821,451 | −84,139,162 |
| Awwissu | 76,927 | 59.18 | 4,552,333 | 644,063 | 183.44 | 118,149,250 | −113,596,917 |
| Settembru | 14,192 | 69.30 | 983,474 | 173,256 | 207.35 | 35,924,134 | −34,940,660 |
| Total | 513,647 | 45.64 | 23,443,307 | 4,351,912 | 154.80 | 673,694,460 | −650,251,153 |
Il-Moldova
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: Ir-Rumanija.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 623,566 | 151.44 | 94,434,684 | 0 | — | 0 | 94,434,684 |
| Frar | 714,046 | 99.19 | 70,826,834 | 6 | 107.88 | 647 | 70,826,186 |
| Marzu | 525,363 | 110.29 | 57,944,385 | 429 | 17.31 | 7,426 | 57,936,959 |
| April | 381,117 | 100.73 | 38,391,406 | 318 | 85.52 | 27,194 | 38,364,212 |
| Mejju | 369,719 | 118.57 | 43,838,910 | 2,292 | 23.20 | 53,165 | 43,785,746 |
| Ġunju | 380,449 | 135.18 | 51,429,664 | 180 | 116.83 | 21,001 | 51,408,663 |
| Lulju | 382,887 | 129.08 | 49,422,640 | 126 | 14.20 | 1,789 | 49,420,851 |
| Awwissu | 264,944 | 163.18 | 43,232,287 | 26,120 | 139.77 | 3,650,742 | 39,581,544 |
| Settembru | 38,212 | 200.10 | 7,646,167 | 13,420 | 156.47 | 2,099,874 | 5,546,293 |
| Total | 3,680,302 | 124.22 | 457,166,976 | 42,891 | 136.67 | 5,861,838 | 451,305,138 |
L-Ungerija
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: Ir-Rumanija.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 2,711 | 100.26 | 271,863 | 272,190 | 164.96 | 44,899,820 | −44,627,957 |
| Frar | 2,297 | 64.46 | 148,062 | 206,096 | 112.82 | 23,251,162 | −23,103,100 |
| Marzu | 51,086 | 54.22 | 2,769,810 | 95,092 | 120.42 | 11,451,243 | −8,681,433 |
| April | 45,427 | 63.45 | 2,882,331 | 190,338 | 91.72 | 17,458,612 | −14,576,281 |
| Mejju | 58,782 | 85.33 | 5,015,845 | 137,532 | 87.26 | 12,001,465 | −6,985,619 |
| Ġunju | 38,615 | 79.66 | 3,075,976 | 182,957 | 121.10 | 22,155,743 | −19,079,767 |
| Lulju | 45,190 | 102.11 | 4,614,564 | 170,122 | 118.37 | 20,137,345 | −15,522,780 |
| Awwissu | 106,485 | 123.93 | 13,196,844 | 105,218 | 157.88 | 16,612,120 | −3,415,277 |
| Settembru | 29,266 | 133.12 | 3,895,787 | 68,657 | 176.38 | 12,109,294 | −8,213,507 |
| Total | 379,858 | 94.43 | 35,871,083 | 1,428,201 | 126.09 | 180,076,804 | −144,205,722 |
Is-Serbja
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: Ir-Rumanija.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 14,058 | 82.76 | 1,163,402 | 232,473 | 186.79 | 43,422,786 | −42,259,383 |
| Frar | 1,294 | 59.36 | 76,817 | 237,070 | 113.87 | 26,994,800 | −26,917,983 |
| Marzu | 84,284 | 62.00 | 5,225,719 | 85,849 | 152.44 | 13,086,958 | −7,861,240 |
| April | 138,615 | 54.37 | 7,535,862 | 51,056 | 160.57 | 8,198,301 | −662,439 |
| Mejju | 126,074 | 60.22 | 7,591,596 | 53,303 | 170.95 | 9,112,389 | −1,520,793 |
| Ġunju | 139,467 | 76.46 | 10,663,710 | 39,466 | 183.85 | 7,255,944 | 3,407,765 |
| Lulju | 150,159 | 82.84 | 12,439,545 | 31,502 | 183.46 | 5,779,341 | 6,660,204 |
| Awwissu | 198,786 | 111.07 | 22,078,819 | 12,366 | 231.30 | 2,860,166 | 19,218,653 |
| Settembru | 55,559 | 124.52 | 6,918,016 | 8,893 | 216.54 | 1,925,770 | 4,992,245 |
| Total | 908,296 | 81.13 | 73,693,487 | 751,979 | 157.77 | 118,636,457 | −44,942,970 |
L-Ukrajna
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: Ir-Rumanija.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 17,660 | 151.66 | 2,678,269 | 159,575 | 150.95 | 24,087,503 | −21,409,234 |
| Frar | 118,918 | 83.95 | 9,983,529 | 25,445 | 101.39 | 2,579,887 | 7,403,642 |
| Marzu | 145,564 | 93.18 | 13,564,149 | 28,081 | 97.52 | 2,738,416 | 10,825,733 |
| April | 62,902 | 95.39 | 6,000,086 | 103,283 | 91.49 | 9,449,542 | −3,449,456 |
| Mejju | 57,156 | 116.56 | 6,662,008 | 77,513 | 90.92 | 7,047,285 | −385,277 |
| Ġunju | 46,809 | 92.10 | 4,311,109 | 136,363 | 123.06 | 16,781,002 | −12,469,893 |
| Lulju | 23,789 | 91.77 | 2,183,047 | 206,968 | 123.75 | 25,612,767 | −23,429,720 |
| Awwissu | 37,765 | 129.82 | 4,902,697 | 179,131 | 156.83 | 28,092,197 | −23,189,501 |
| Settembru | 7,812 | 139.74 | 1,091,625 | 35,324 | 178.89 | 6,318,952 | −5,227,327 |
| Total | 518,374 | 99.11 | 51,376,520 | 951,681 | 128.94 | 122,707,552 | −71,331,032 |
Metodu
Mhijiex fattura. L-elettriku transfruntier ma jinbiegħx minn pajjiż għal pajjiż: is-swieq huma akkoppjati u l-fluss fiżiku huwa r-riżultat ta’ irkant komuni. Dawn iċ-ċifri jivvalutaw il-fluss imkejjel bil-prezz ta’ ġurnata bil-quddiem ta’ din iż-żona stess, sabiex iż-żewġ direzzjonijiet ikunu jistgħu jitqabblu fuq l-istess skala.
Il-flussi huma mkejla, kwart ta’ siegħa b’kwart ta’ siegħa; il-fruntieri b’data ta’ kull siegħa jitqassmu fuq l-erba’ kwarti li jkopru, sabiex kull megawatt-siegħa tiltaqa’ mal-prezz li effettivament kien fis-seħħ. L-enerġija li tidħol fil-pajjiż mhijiex l-istess bħall-enerġija kkonsmata hawn — parti minnha tgħaddi biss.
Pajjiż bejn żewġ pajjiżi oħra jġorr enerġija li la tiġi prodotta u lanqas ikkonsmata fih. L-enerġija li tidħol mhijiex enerġija użata.