L-Ungerija — flussi fiżiċi transfruntiera, 2026
Kull xahar tas-sena, kull fruntiera, f’enerġija u fi flus. Il-flussi huma mkejla; kull megawatt-siegħa tiġi vvalutata bil-prezz ta’ ġurnata bil-quddiem taż-żona proprja (L-Ungerija) għall-kwart ta’ siegħa li fih effettivament qasmet.
| Xahar | Konsum, MWh | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi | Prezz medju, €/MWh | Differenza € | Importazzjoni ÷ konsum | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MWh | €/MWh | € | MWh | €/MWh | € | |||||
| Jannar | 4,694,607 | 627,670 | 141.56 | 88,852,832 | 2,191,355 | 154.73 | 339,070,377 | 150.41 | −250,217,545 | 46.7% |
| Frar | 3,876,678 | 498,568 | 110.75 | 55,218,881 | 1,706,166 | 118.64 | 202,419,977 | 113.29 | −147,201,097 | 44.0% |
| Marzu | 3,750,668 | 753,251 | 88.94 | 66,996,738 | 1,591,469 | 135.06 | 214,945,144 | 117.40 | −147,948,407 | 42.4% |
| April | 3,220,652 | 1,281,827 | 64.07 | 82,133,045 | 1,699,462 | 112.61 | 191,369,511 | 96.55 | −109,236,467 | 52.8% |
| Mejju | 3,117,766 | 971,747 | 57.39 | 55,768,275 | 1,562,383 | 120.36 | 188,049,462 | 106.51 | −132,281,187 | 50.1% |
| Ġunju | 3,355,612 | 1,027,059 | 87.56 | 89,927,520 | 1,447,314 | 137.36 | 198,803,365 | 124.67 | −108,875,845 | 43.1% |
| Lulju | 3,416,339 | 1,238,060 | 99.32 | 122,959,110 | 1,909,292 | 134.78 | 257,329,610 | 122.35 | −134,370,501 | 55.9% |
| Awwissu | 3,406,644 | 867,377 | 124.71 | 108,170,030 | 1,982,250 | 166.48 | 330,009,844 | 152.17 | −221,839,814 | 58.2% |
| Settembru95.3% tas-sigħat | 3,118,420 | 1,000,668 | 143.61 | 143,702,750 | 1,621,223 | 195.78 | 317,409,660 | 179.15 | −173,706,910 | 52.0% |
| Ottubru89.5% tas-sigħat | 3,165,886 | 942,473 | 209.82 | 197,754,488 | 1,866,808 | 248.89 | 464,629,349 | 240.78 | −266,874,861 | 59.0% |
| Total | 35,123,273 | 9,208,701 | 109.84 | 1,011,483,669 | 17,577,721 | 153.83 | 2,704,036,301 | 139.63 | −1,692,552,632 | 50.0% |
Il-konsum jitkejjel separatament, bħala l-qawwa medja ta’ kull siegħa miġbura fuq ix-xahar — mhux billi jingħaddu l-qari, għax is-sorsi jippubblikaw b’ritmi differenti. L-aħħar kolonna tpoġġi l-importazzjonijiet ħdejh bħala skala; mhijiex ċifra ta’ dipendenza, għax parti minn dak li jidħol jgħaddi dritt għal ġar ieħor.
Minn fejn ġejja d-differenza
1,692,552,632 € għal enerġija ta’ 8,369,020 MWh li baqgħet fil-pajjiż: jiġifieri 202.24 € għal kull megawatt-siegħa, f’xahar b’medja ta’ 139.63.
L-ewwel linja hija enerġija li l-pajjiż kellu bżonn u kiseb. Iż-żewġ oħrajn — 523,970,292 € flimkien — ma ġejjinx minn kemm iċċaqlaq iżda minn meta: bejgħ f’sigħat irħas, xiri f’sigħat għaljin. Dak huwa l-prezz ta’ nuqqas ta’ qbil fil-ħin, mhux telf.
Validazzjoni uffiċjali
Il-fluss fiżiku mkejjel, ivverifikat kontra l-iskambji kummerċjali ppubblikati (ANRE).
| Xahar | Nett fiżiku, MWh | Nett kummerċjali, MWh | Differenza, MWh | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Frar | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Marzu | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| April | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Mejju | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Ġunju | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Lulju | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Awwissu | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Settembru | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Ottubru | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
Il-volumi grossi jvarjaw min-natura tagħhom: l-indikaturi uffiċjali jinkludu t-tranżiti, u tranżitu jingħadd darba meta jidħol u darba meta joħroġ, filwaqt li fruntiera fiżika tarah darba biss. Iċ-ċifri netti jikkonverġu, għax it-tranżiti jikkanċellaw lil xulxin — għalhekk il-paragun isir fuq in-nett.
Il-perċentwal jirrelata d-differenza man-nett kummerċjali tax-xahar. F’xahar b’nett żgħir, l-istess differenza f’MWh tagħti perċentwal akbar — għalhekk id-differenza tintwera dejjem ukoll f’MWh.
ANRE: dawn l-iskambji jiġu ppubblikati bħala bilanċ fiżiku f’GWh. Ma jiġi ppubblikat l-ebda valur tal-importazzjoni jew tal-esportazzjoni u l-ebda prezz medju għal kull direzzjoni, għalhekk ma jistax isir paragun fil-flus.
Il-flussi fiżiċi transfruntiera u l-iskambji kummerċjali tal-elettriku jkejlu fenomeni differenti. Id-data tal-awtorità (ANRE) tintwera bħala punt ta’ referenza uffiċjali indipendenti u m’għandhiex tiġi interpretata bħala rikonċiljazzjoni eżatta.
Fruntiera b’fruntiera
Is-Slovakkja
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: L-Ungerija.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 0 | — | 0 | 1,487,912 | 149.17 | 221,954,969 | −221,954,969 |
| Frar | 13,149 | 107.96 | 1,419,564 | 921,743 | 115.40 | 106,368,588 | −104,949,024 |
| Marzu | 13,158 | 27.40 | 360,553 | 999,123 | 132.84 | 132,723,644 | −132,363,092 |
| April | 50,707 | 28.43 | 1,441,649 | 1,163,145 | 113.06 | 131,503,139 | −130,061,490 |
| Mejju | 71,028 | 49.55 | 3,519,257 | 995,734 | 122.45 | 121,928,007 | −118,408,750 |
| Ġunju | 24,476 | 63.84 | 1,562,445 | 925,082 | 139.03 | 128,616,775 | −127,054,329 |
| Lulju | 1,847 | 56.17 | 103,731 | 1,243,804 | 136.98 | 170,381,005 | −170,277,274 |
| Awwissu | 13,189 | 99.67 | 1,314,573 | 1,177,889 | 168.80 | 198,830,539 | −197,515,966 |
| Settembru | 22,004 | 83.57 | 1,838,818 | 1,022,888 | 199.74 | 204,307,101 | −202,468,283 |
| Ottubru | 19,173 | 59.22 | 1,135,376 | 1,161,110 | 253.30 | 294,108,067 | −292,972,692 |
| Total | 228,732 | 55.51 | 12,695,965 | 11,098,431 | 154.14 | 1,710,721,835 | −1,698,025,870 |
L-Awstrija
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: L-Ungerija.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 13,768 | 98.38 | 1,354,432 | 426,869 | 164.98 | 70,425,917 | −69,071,485 |
| Frar | 22,186 | 86.49 | 1,918,829 | 339,679 | 122.39 | 41,573,910 | −39,655,081 |
| Marzu | 130,252 | 70.20 | 9,143,170 | 276,201 | 135.68 | 37,474,239 | −28,331,069 |
| April | 59,930 | 56.93 | 3,411,793 | 372,154 | 107.00 | 39,820,562 | −36,408,769 |
| Mejju | 47,581 | 75.82 | 3,607,638 | 311,638 | 109.74 | 34,198,625 | −30,590,987 |
| Ġunju | 98,337 | 100.94 | 9,926,015 | 318,997 | 119.14 | 38,005,865 | −28,079,850 |
| Lulju | 76,809 | 110.20 | 8,464,461 | 363,360 | 123.63 | 44,920,927 | −36,456,466 |
| Awwissu | 97,481 | 130.16 | 12,687,934 | 345,077 | 165.71 | 57,182,221 | −44,494,286 |
| Settembru | 101,269 | 114.25 | 11,569,650 | 247,351 | 199.17 | 49,264,879 | −37,695,229 |
| Ottubru | 53,542 | 111.39 | 5,963,813 | 436,409 | 258.76 | 112,924,442 | −106,960,629 |
| Total | 701,155 | 97.05 | 68,047,735 | 3,437,734 | 152.95 | 525,791,587 | −457,743,852 |
Il-Kroazja
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: L-Ungerija.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 132,810 | 109.23 | 14,506,355 | 64,468 | 185.30 | 11,945,651 | 2,560,704 |
| Frar | 25,713 | 72.10 | 1,853,865 | 155,870 | 123.97 | 19,323,726 | −17,469,861 |
| Marzu | 180,458 | 76.97 | 13,890,038 | 46,801 | 188.55 | 8,824,391 | 5,065,647 |
| April | 446,316 | 61.72 | 27,548,042 | 9,243 | 204.51 | 1,890,264 | 25,657,778 |
| Mejju | 327,591 | 54.74 | 17,932,746 | 21,896 | 184.70 | 4,044,298 | 13,888,449 |
| Ġunju | 399,991 | 81.15 | 32,461,147 | 6,095 | 315.30 | 1,921,578 | 30,539,569 |
| Lulju | 565,064 | 97.75 | 55,235,244 | 1,490 | 206.44 | 307,590 | 54,927,654 |
| Awwissu | 362,265 | 123.97 | 44,909,214 | 17,997 | 213.04 | 3,834,019 | 41,075,194 |
| Settembru | 394,430 | 149.71 | 59,050,997 | 2,149 | 330.85 | 710,821 | 58,340,176 |
| Ottubru | 354,021 | 220.04 | 77,899,958 | 2,017 | 314.00 | 633,419 | 77,266,539 |
| Total | 3,188,658 | 108.29 | 345,287,606 | 328,024 | 162.90 | 53,435,756 | 291,851,849 |
Ir-Rumanija
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: L-Ungerija.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 271,525 | 163.04 | 44,270,773 | 2,756 | 106.23 | 292,727 | 43,978,046 |
| Frar | 206,285 | 120.63 | 24,884,477 | 2,253 | 90.60 | 204,116 | 24,680,361 |
| Marzu | 95,271 | 126.01 | 12,004,797 | 51,086 | 78.68 | 4,019,618 | 7,985,179 |
| April | 190,053 | 83.87 | 15,939,221 | 45,427 | 76.55 | 3,477,201 | 12,462,020 |
| Mejju | 137,544 | 72.95 | 10,033,530 | 58,782 | 86.12 | 5,062,476 | 4,971,054 |
| Ġunju | 183,186 | 120.51 | 22,075,044 | 38,615 | 87.74 | 3,388,069 | 18,686,975 |
| Lulju | 169,841 | 116.89 | 19,852,894 | 45,190 | 115.27 | 5,209,055 | 14,643,839 |
| Awwissu | 105,920 | 157.78 | 16,711,582 | 106,485 | 129.91 | 13,833,481 | 2,878,101 |
| Settembru | 170,402 | 172.66 | 29,421,724 | 75,830 | 144.41 | 10,950,830 | 18,470,894 |
| Ottubru | 214,957 | 240.08 | 51,607,048 | 39,972 | 151.03 | 6,036,851 | 45,570,197 |
| Total | 1,744,985 | 141.43 | 246,801,089 | 466,395 | 112.51 | 52,474,424 | 194,326,666 |
L-Ukrajna
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: L-Ungerija.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 104,695 | 171.92 | 17,999,185 | 39,296 | 115.63 | 4,543,769 | 13,455,416 |
| Frar | 168,969 | 116.48 | 19,681,601 | 3,780 | 93.25 | 352,541 | 19,329,060 |
| Marzu | 129,269 | 113.36 | 14,653,348 | 42,815 | 122.62 | 5,249,991 | 9,403,356 |
| April | 233,861 | 67.55 | 15,798,444 | 52,696 | 95.79 | 5,047,887 | 10,750,557 |
| Mejju | 131,240 | 47.28 | 6,204,382 | 79,613 | 108.76 | 8,658,789 | −2,454,408 |
| Ġunju | 42,946 | 57.13 | 2,453,487 | 106,013 | 144.33 | 15,300,727 | −12,847,240 |
| Lulju | 36,172 | 65.76 | 2,378,495 | 220,484 | 137.90 | 30,405,781 | −28,027,286 |
| Awwissu | 10,541 | 60.01 | 632,535 | 273,294 | 161.48 | 44,132,781 | −43,500,246 |
| Settembru | 18,989 | 61.21 | 1,162,323 | 243,630 | 183.68 | 44,750,370 | −43,588,047 |
| Ottubru | 51,762 | 225.51 | 11,672,707 | 200,345 | 216.40 | 43,354,175 | −31,681,468 |
| Total | 928,443 | 99.78 | 92,636,506 | 1,261,967 | 159.91 | 201,796,811 | −109,160,304 |
Is-Slovenja
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: L-Ungerija.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 86,563 | 102.97 | 8,913,375 | 43,012 | 227.99 | 9,806,178 | −892,803 |
| Frar | 60,549 | 90.18 | 5,460,226 | 37,109 | 146.84 | 5,449,058 | 11,168 |
| Marzu | 182,660 | 86.75 | 15,845,809 | 11,083 | 194.18 | 2,152,178 | 13,693,631 |
| April | 173,091 | 75.48 | 13,065,291 | 11,868 | 187.06 | 2,219,996 | 10,845,295 |
| Mejju | 164,333 | 80.32 | 13,199,884 | 24,763 | 121.48 | 3,008,322 | 10,191,562 |
| Ġunju | 173,936 | 91.28 | 15,877,013 | 9,229 | 202.54 | 1,869,263 | 14,007,750 |
| Lulju | 275,558 | 107.69 | 29,675,145 | 2,138 | 214.20 | 457,854 | 29,217,290 |
| Awwissu | 162,110 | 124.93 | 20,253,077 | 14,749 | 238.37 | 3,515,719 | 16,737,358 |
| Settembru | 196,488 | 149.08 | 29,291,685 | 946 | 231.66 | 219,127 | 29,072,558 |
| Ottubru | 146,029 | 192.66 | 28,134,228 | 11,501 | 297.83 | 3,425,424 | 24,708,804 |
| Total | 1,621,318 | 110.85 | 179,715,732 | 166,398 | 193.05 | 32,123,119 | 147,592,613 |
Is-Serbja
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: L-Ungerija.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 18,309 | 98.79 | 1,808,713 | 127,043 | 158.22 | 20,101,167 | −18,292,454 |
| Frar | 1,716 | 0.19 | 318 | 245,732 | 118.62 | 29,148,038 | −29,147,720 |
| Marzu | 22,183 | 49.54 | 1,099,024 | 164,360 | 149.07 | 24,501,083 | −23,402,059 |
| April | 127,868 | 38.54 | 4,928,605 | 44,930 | 164.93 | 7,410,463 | −2,481,857 |
| Mejju | 92,430 | 13.75 | 1,270,838 | 69,957 | 159.37 | 11,148,946 | −9,878,107 |
| Ġunju | 104,188 | 53.48 | 5,572,370 | 43,284 | 224.13 | 9,701,088 | −4,128,719 |
| Lulju | 112,769 | 64.28 | 7,249,140 | 32,826 | 172.04 | 5,647,398 | 1,601,742 |
| Awwissu | 115,871 | 100.64 | 11,661,115 | 46,759 | 185.66 | 8,681,084 | 2,980,030 |
| Settembru | 97,086 | 117.09 | 11,367,554 | 28,430 | 253.48 | 7,206,532 | 4,161,021 |
| Ottubru | 102,990 | 207.22 | 21,341,359 | 15,453 | 268.36 | 4,146,971 | 17,194,387 |
| Total | 795,411 | 83.35 | 66,299,036 | 818,773 | 155.96 | 127,692,770 | −61,393,735 |
Metodu
Mhijiex fattura. L-elettriku transfruntier ma jinbiegħx minn pajjiż għal pajjiż: is-swieq huma akkoppjati u l-fluss fiżiku huwa r-riżultat ta’ irkant komuni. Dawn iċ-ċifri jivvalutaw il-fluss imkejjel bil-prezz ta’ ġurnata bil-quddiem ta’ din iż-żona stess, sabiex iż-żewġ direzzjonijiet ikunu jistgħu jitqabblu fuq l-istess skala.
Il-flussi huma mkejla, kwart ta’ siegħa b’kwart ta’ siegħa; il-fruntieri b’data ta’ kull siegħa jitqassmu fuq l-erba’ kwarti li jkopru, sabiex kull megawatt-siegħa tiltaqa’ mal-prezz li effettivament kien fis-seħħ. L-enerġija li tidħol fil-pajjiż mhijiex l-istess bħall-enerġija kkonsmata hawn — parti minnha tgħaddi biss.
Pajjiż bejn żewġ pajjiżi oħra jġorr enerġija li la tiġi prodotta u lanqas ikkonsmata fih. L-enerġija li tidħol mhijiex enerġija użata.