Il-Bulgarija — flussi fiżiċi transfruntiera, 2026
Kull xahar tas-sena, kull fruntiera, f’enerġija u fi flus. Il-flussi huma mkejla; kull megawatt-siegħa tiġi vvalutata bil-prezz ta’ ġurnata bil-quddiem taż-żona proprja (Il-Bulgarija) għall-kwart ta’ siegħa li fih effettivament qasmet.
| Xahar | Konsum, MWh | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi | Prezz medju, €/MWh | Differenza € | Importazzjoni ÷ konsum | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MWh | €/MWh | € | MWh | €/MWh | € | |||||
| Jannar | 4,372,449 | 530,318 | 159.21 | 84,432,146 | 801,217 | 153.33 | 122,850,424 | 148.52 | −38,418,278 | 18.3% |
| Frar | 3,739,489 | 515,195 | 102.69 | 52,907,994 | 781,171 | 107.40 | 83,895,964 | 99.63 | −30,987,970 | 20.9% |
| Marzu | 3,558,771 | 663,860 | 109.27 | 72,537,632 | 535,769 | 110.12 | 59,001,139 | 103.43 | 13,536,493 | 15.1% |
| April | 2,938,567 | 719,408 | 97.91 | 70,437,017 | 296,608 | 76.98 | 22,832,629 | 91.04 | 47,604,388 | 10.1% |
| Mejju | 2,687,841 | 877,048 | 117.84 | 103,349,151 | 613,977 | 96.84 | 59,456,592 | 101.03 | 43,892,560 | 22.8% |
| Ġunju | 2,581,885 | 952,182 | 115.28 | 109,768,566 | 481,948 | 89.70 | 43,230,287 | 97.97 | 66,538,280 | 18.7% |
| Lulju | 2,832,399 | 1,082,814 | 130.20 | 140,977,156 | 255,811 | 92.01 | 23,536,318 | 111.87 | 117,440,839 | 9.0% |
| Awwissu | 2,875,490 | 1,162,153 | 158.80 | 184,551,694 | 333,590 | 126.12 | 42,072,864 | 143.04 | 142,478,830 | 11.6% |
| Settembru95.1% tas-sigħat | 2,227,446 | 1,099,029 | 190.01 | 208,823,331 | 238,637 | 114.20 | 27,252,971 | 166.29 | 181,570,360 | 10.7% |
| Ottubru88.9% tas-sigħat | 2,595,155 | 777,124 | 235.37 | 182,910,324 | 473,058 | 217.97 | 103,111,563 | 224.52 | 79,798,762 | 18.2% |
| Total | 30,409,492 | 8,379,131 | 144.49 | 1,210,695,012 | 4,811,785 | 122.04 | 587,240,750 | 127.04 | 623,454,262 | 15.8% |
Il-konsum jitkejjel separatament, bħala l-qawwa medja ta’ kull siegħa miġbura fuq ix-xahar — mhux billi jingħaddu l-qari, għax is-sorsi jippubblikaw b’ritmi differenti. L-aħħar kolonna tpoġġi l-importazzjonijiet ħdejh bħala skala; mhijiex ċifra ta’ dipendenza, għax parti minn dak li jidħol jgħaddi dritt għal ġar ieħor.
Minn fejn ġejja d-differenza
623,454,262 € għal enerġija ta’ 3,567,345 MWh li baqgħet fil-pajjiż: jiġifieri 174.77 € għal kull megawatt-siegħa, f’xahar b’medja ta’ 127.04.
L-ewwel linja hija enerġija li l-pajjiż kellu bżonn u kiseb. Iż-żewġ oħrajn — 170,249,926 € flimkien — ma ġejjinx minn kemm iċċaqlaq iżda minn meta: bejgħ f’sigħat irħas, xiri f’sigħat għaljin. Dak huwa l-prezz ta’ nuqqas ta’ qbil fil-ħin, mhux telf.
Validazzjoni uffiċjali
Il-fluss fiżiku mkejjel, ivverifikat kontra l-iskambji kummerċjali ppubblikati (ANRE).
| Xahar | Nett fiżiku, MWh | Nett kummerċjali, MWh | Differenza, MWh | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Frar | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Marzu | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| April | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Mejju | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Ġunju | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Lulju | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Awwissu | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Settembru | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
| Ottubru | — | — | — | QED NISTENNEW ID-DATA UFFIĊJALI TAL-ANRE |
Il-volumi grossi jvarjaw min-natura tagħhom: l-indikaturi uffiċjali jinkludu t-tranżiti, u tranżitu jingħadd darba meta jidħol u darba meta joħroġ, filwaqt li fruntiera fiżika tarah darba biss. Iċ-ċifri netti jikkonverġu, għax it-tranżiti jikkanċellaw lil xulxin — għalhekk il-paragun isir fuq in-nett.
Il-perċentwal jirrelata d-differenza man-nett kummerċjali tax-xahar. F’xahar b’nett żgħir, l-istess differenza f’MWh tagħti perċentwal akbar — għalhekk id-differenza tintwera dejjem ukoll f’MWh.
ANRE: dawn l-iskambji jiġu ppubblikati bħala bilanċ fiżiku f’GWh. Ma jiġi ppubblikat l-ebda valur tal-importazzjoni jew tal-esportazzjoni u l-ebda prezz medju għal kull direzzjoni, għalhekk ma jistax isir paragun fil-flus.
Il-flussi fiżiċi transfruntiera u l-iskambji kummerċjali tal-elettriku jkejlu fenomeni differenti. Id-data tal-awtorità (ANRE) tintwera bħala punt ta’ referenza uffiċjali indipendenti u m’għandhiex tiġi interpretata bħala rikonċiljazzjoni eżatta.
Fruntiera b’fruntiera
Ir-Rumanija
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: Il-Bulgarija.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 448,582 | 168.63 | 75,645,089 | 60,391 | 91.09 | 5,501,113 | 70,143,976 |
| Frar | 479,622 | 105.72 | 50,705,671 | 8,693 | 75.76 | 658,553 | 50,047,118 |
| Marzu | 395,057 | 124.36 | 49,128,115 | 73,730 | 60.87 | 4,487,902 | 44,640,213 |
| April | 349,457 | 118.07 | 41,259,457 | 114,337 | 47.27 | 5,405,068 | 35,854,390 |
| Mejju | 655,745 | 125.61 | 82,369,778 | 49,687 | 4.26 | 211,475 | 82,158,302 |
| Ġunju | 670,547 | 121.55 | 81,508,296 | 45,204 | 19.49 | 880,972 | 80,627,324 |
| Lulju | 535,584 | 140.87 | 75,447,807 | 70,488 | 26.88 | 1,894,893 | 73,552,914 |
| Awwissu | 644,063 | 166.37 | 107,154,908 | 76,927 | 59.55 | 4,580,931 | 102,573,976 |
| Settembru | 607,475 | 196.57 | 119,414,182 | 66,574 | 55.78 | 3,713,832 | 115,700,350 |
| Ottubru | 514,246 | 241.32 | 124,098,689 | 86,600 | 188.86 | 16,355,643 | 107,743,046 |
| Total | 5,300,377 | 152.20 | 806,731,992 | 652,630 | 66.95 | 43,690,382 | 763,041,610 |
Il-Greċja
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: Il-Bulgarija.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 6,584 | 93.92 | 618,343 | 403,826 | 156.95 | 63,381,057 | −62,762,715 |
| Frar | 0 | — | 0 | 438,779 | 104.73 | 45,953,397 | −45,953,397 |
| Marzu | 21,241 | 86.02 | 1,827,172 | 279,556 | 114.10 | 31,898,427 | −30,071,255 |
| April | 81,471 | 83.24 | 6,781,938 | 75,117 | 87.78 | 6,593,853 | 188,085 |
| Mejju | 4,638 | 118.57 | 549,948 | 294,536 | 106.87 | 31,476,784 | −30,926,836 |
| Ġunju | 21,237 | 99.09 | 2,104,423 | 210,400 | 97.24 | 20,458,485 | −18,354,062 |
| Lulju | 112,227 | 127.66 | 14,326,373 | 67,691 | 102.16 | 6,915,214 | 7,411,159 |
| Awwissu | 67,225 | 177.58 | 11,937,651 | 115,924 | 134.16 | 15,552,679 | −3,615,028 |
| Settembru | 80,816 | 218.73 | 17,677,029 | 68,382 | 110.36 | 7,546,598 | 10,130,431 |
| Ottubru | 32,111 | 270.24 | 8,677,793 | 186,239 | 222.17 | 41,376,483 | −32,698,690 |
| Total | 427,550 | 150.86 | 64,500,670 | 2,140,450 | 126.68 | 271,152,977 | −206,652,306 |
Is-Serbja
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: Il-Bulgarija.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 64,464 | 113.53 | 7,318,763 | 41,137 | 174.48 | 7,177,573 | 141,190 |
| Frar | 28,790 | 67.90 | 1,954,844 | 43,032 | 121.06 | 5,209,436 | −3,254,593 |
| Marzu | 180,589 | 91.11 | 16,453,845 | 6,064 | 99.05 | 600,656 | 15,853,189 |
| April | 165,592 | 78.75 | 13,040,504 | 12,413 | 44.90 | 557,371 | 12,483,132 |
| Mejju | 181,098 | 92.15 | 16,687,309 | 18,961 | 37.01 | 701,808 | 15,985,501 |
| Ġunju | 188,863 | 93.61 | 17,679,522 | 15,991 | 27.44 | 438,730 | 17,240,793 |
| Lulju | 238,725 | 118.25 | 28,230,327 | 3,156 | 23.78 | 75,032 | 28,155,294 |
| Awwissu | 295,973 | 140.47 | 41,576,506 | 2,278 | 50.22 | 114,408 | 41,462,099 |
| Settembru | 257,123 | 167.85 | 43,158,189 | 9,725 | 71.77 | 698,008 | 42,460,182 |
| Ottubru | 172,223 | 210.47 | 36,247,493 | 29,174 | 225.82 | 6,587,901 | 29,659,593 |
| Total | 1,773,440 | 125.38 | 222,347,301 | 181,931 | 121.81 | 22,160,922 | 200,186,379 |
It-Turkija
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: Il-Bulgarija.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 1,964 | 37.53 | 73,705 | 198,006 | 154.24 | 30,541,016 | −30,467,311 |
| Frar | 4,310 | 8.59 | 37,038 | 195,982 | 113.77 | 22,297,450 | −22,260,412 |
| Marzu | 18,793 | 17.98 | 337,851 | 156,847 | 129.03 | 20,238,506 | −19,900,655 |
| April | 26,161 | 1.90 | 49,777 | 86,876 | 114.39 | 9,938,126 | −9,888,349 |
| Mejju | 2,674 | 2.51 | 6,701 | 205,533 | 117.48 | 24,146,022 | −24,139,321 |
| Ġunju | 1,706 | -6.27 | −10,696 | 185,794 | 110.23 | 20,479,952 | −20,490,648 |
| Lulju | 21,001 | 12.71 | 266,976 | 105,622 | 136.46 | 14,413,473 | −14,146,497 |
| Awwissu | 9,639 | 38.81 | 374,143 | 134,200 | 161.35 | 21,652,510 | −21,278,368 |
| Settembru | 9,462 | 61.39 | 580,885 | 80,702 | 181.06 | 14,611,761 | −14,030,876 |
| Ottubru | 5,168 | 172.40 | 890,976 | 113,639 | 232.59 | 26,431,312 | −25,540,336 |
| Total | 100,878 | 25.85 | 2,607,355 | 1,463,202 | 139.93 | 204,750,129 | −202,142,773 |
Il-Maċedonja ta’ Fuq
Xahar b’xahar, din il-fruntiera vista min-naħa waħda: Il-Bulgarija.
| Xahar | Esportazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Importazzjonijiet fiżiċi MWh | €/MWh | € | Differenza € |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jannar | 8,724 | 88.98 | 776,247 | 97,857 | 166.05 | 16,249,666 | −15,473,419 |
| Frar | 2,473 | 85.08 | 210,441 | 94,685 | 103.26 | 9,777,127 | −9,566,686 |
| Marzu | 48,180 | 99.43 | 4,790,649 | 19,572 | 90.72 | 1,775,648 | 3,015,001 |
| April | 96,728 | 96.20 | 9,305,341 | 7,865 | 43.00 | 338,211 | 8,967,130 |
| Mejju | 32,892 | 113.56 | 3,735,416 | 45,260 | 64.53 | 2,920,502 | 814,914 |
| Ġunju | 69,829 | 121.54 | 8,487,020 | 24,559 | 39.58 | 972,148 | 7,514,873 |
| Lulju | 175,278 | 129.54 | 22,705,674 | 8,854 | 26.85 | 237,706 | 22,467,968 |
| Awwissu | 145,252 | 161.85 | 23,508,485 | 4,261 | 40.44 | 172,335 | 23,336,150 |
| Settembru | 144,153 | 194.19 | 27,993,046 | 13,253 | 51.52 | 682,773 | 27,310,273 |
| Ottubru | 53,376 | 243.47 | 12,995,372 | 57,406 | 215.31 | 12,360,223 | 635,149 |
| Total | 776,886 | 147.39 | 114,507,693 | 373,573 | 121.76 | 45,486,340 | 69,021,352 |
Metodu
Mhijiex fattura. L-elettriku transfruntier ma jinbiegħx minn pajjiż għal pajjiż: is-swieq huma akkoppjati u l-fluss fiżiku huwa r-riżultat ta’ irkant komuni. Dawn iċ-ċifri jivvalutaw il-fluss imkejjel bil-prezz ta’ ġurnata bil-quddiem ta’ din iż-żona stess, sabiex iż-żewġ direzzjonijiet ikunu jistgħu jitqabblu fuq l-istess skala.
Il-flussi huma mkejla, kwart ta’ siegħa b’kwart ta’ siegħa; il-fruntieri b’data ta’ kull siegħa jitqassmu fuq l-erba’ kwarti li jkopru, sabiex kull megawatt-siegħa tiltaqa’ mal-prezz li effettivament kien fis-seħħ. L-enerġija li tidħol fil-pajjiż mhijiex l-istess bħall-enerġija kkonsmata hawn — parti minnha tgħaddi biss.
Pajjiż bejn żewġ pajjiżi oħra jġorr enerġija li la tiġi prodotta u lanqas ikkonsmata fih. L-enerġija li tidħol mhijiex enerġija użata.